What Is a Nano Aquarium?
A nano aquarium is typically between 2.5 and 10 gallons. While small in size, these tanks can support beautiful ecosystems with fish, shrimp, and live plants.
When you finish reading this guide, be sure to checkout our ultimate checklist.
Step 1: Choosing the Right Tank Size
5 Gallon vs 10 Gallon
- 5 Gallon: Ideal for bettas or shrimp colonies
- 10 Gallon: More stable water parameters and better for small communities
If you're buying your first tank, start here:
Step 2: Essential Equipment (Critical for Success)
Filtration
A properly sized filter prevents ammonia spikes and keeps water crystal clear.
Heater
Most tropical fish need stable temperatures between 72–78°F.
Lighting
Live plants require proper spectrum LED lighting.
Substrate
Choose gravel, sand, or aquasoil depending on your livestock and plants.
Beginner Setup Checklist
- Tank (5–10 gallons)
- Filter
- Heater
- LED Light
- Water Conditioner
- Liquid Test Kit
- Substrate
- Gravel Vacuum
Step 3: Cycling Your Tank
Before adding fish, your tank must establish beneficial bacteria through the nitrogen cycle.
This takes approximately 3–4 weeks.
Detailed instructions here: How to Cycle a Fish Tank
Step 4: Stocking Your Nano Aquarium
Best Fish for 5 Gallons
Complete 5-Gallon Stocking Guide
Best Fish for 10 Gallons
Complete 10-Gallon Stocking Guide
Shrimp Options
Step 5: Maintenance Routine
Weekly
- 10–20% water change
- Glass cleaning
- Temperature check
Monthly
- Rinse filter media in tank water
- Test parameters
- Trim plants
Common Beginner Mistakes
- Skipping the cycle
- Overstocking
- Overfeeding
- Buying poor-quality filters
- Not using a heater when required